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作者：Kun Jiang,；Larry D. Qiu

翻譯：陳達(dá)飛

來源：VoxChina

原題：China’s Joint Venture Policy and the International Transfer of Technology

The ongoing trade dispute between China and the United States has offered few signs of an immediate resolution. Claims by the U.S. government of unfair trade practices on China’s part center on what the Trump administration argues are abusive practices deriving from China’s investment rules. Specifically, multinational firms seeking to conduct foreign direct investment (FDI) in China are often required to form legal business relationships with a domestic Chinese partner, typically in the form of international joint ventures (IJVs) that establish a new offshoot firm. These relationships – most often required in high-tech manufacturing industries suchas automobile production, electronics, pharmaceuticals, and advanced chemicals– are characterized by explicit technology transfer requirements wherein the rights of the foreign intellectual property holder are often severely curtailed.

中美之間持續(xù)不斷的貿(mào)易爭端在短期內(nèi)似乎沒有終結(jié)的跡象。美國政府對中國不公平貿(mào)易行為的指控,，集中在特朗普政府所稱的中國投資規(guī)則不合理之處,。具體來說，尋求在中國進(jìn)行外商直接投資(FDI)的跨國公司經(jīng)常被要求與中國國內(nèi)的合作伙伴建立合法的商業(yè)關(guān)系,，通常是以設(shè)立新分支機(jī)構(gòu)的國際合資企業(yè)(IJV)的形式,。建立合資企業(yè)——在汽車生產(chǎn)、電子,、制藥和先進(jìn)化學(xué)品等高科技制造業(yè)中最為常見——的一個(gè)特點(diǎn)是明確的技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓要求,。除此之外，外國知識產(chǎn)權(quán)持有人的權(quán)利往往受到嚴(yán)重限制,。